Bench plane



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. L. O. STRONG.

. BENGH PLANE.

No. 275,538. Patented Apr. 10,1883.

v In/vz m/io 7": w/za (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

L- (ISTRONG.

BENCH PLANE. No. 275,538. Patented Apr. 10,1883.

746571055645 I Midi/r N PEIERS, Phalwljlbographer. Washington. a. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT QF ICE.

LEVI O. STRONG, OF ALBANY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR OF THREE-FOUBTHS TO PETER KINNEAR AND CHARLES H. TURNER, BOTH OF SAME PLACE.

PLAN E.v

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 275,538, dated April 10, 1883.

Application filed July 15,1882. (No model.)

To a1 Z whom. it may concern Beit known that I, LEVI OULVER STRONG,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Albany, in the countyof Albany and State ofNew 5 York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Bench-Planes, of which the following is a specification.

l haveimproved the style of metallic benchplane in which the knife is carried by apivoted device and adapted thereby for adjustment in the arc of a circle to govern the depth of the cut. The objects of my improvements are, to provide by a single adjustment of the knife-carriage for producing a coarse or a thin shaving and a corresponding wide or narrow throatthat is to'say, by a single adjustment of the knife-carriage to change the depth of the cut from a coarse to a thin shaving, the throat will be in proportion closed for fine work; to effect a greater range of adjustment of the knife or hit than is necessary for the greatest depth of cut to adapt the plane for cross-grain work and for hard and soft wood; to provide for increasing the width of the throat for the free passage of the shavings for either fine or coarse work independent of the pitch of the knife-thatis to say, when a wide throat is required, without regard to the pitch of the knife or hit, as in planing across the face of a 0 board, then the required width of throat is obtained by a horizontal adjustment of the knifecarriage upon the stock; and to provide a certain and positive adjusting and fastening device for setting and maintaining the knifeor bit in whatever position it may be adjusted in relation to its carriage, while at the same time such adjustment may be easily and quickly effected for the finest work These objects I attain by the construction and means of adj ustment illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 represents a vertical longitudinal section of a bench-plane embracing my invention; Fig. 2, a top view, the knife being rethe two parts or sections of the knife-carriage and the adjusting device. Fig. etshows the two sections of the knife-carriage separated; and Fig. 5, a top view of so much of the stock as moved to show the knife-carriage. Fig. 3 shows shows the seat upon which the knife-carriage is secured.

The stock of the plane is cast and provided with the usual throat for the knife and with the handle and front knob. The carriage for the knife or hit consists of two paris--viz., a seat-plate, a, upon which the knife is secured, and a base-plate, b, pivoted to the seat-plate, so that the latter can be adjusted in the arc of a circle upon its pivoted connection. The baseplate I) is secured upon a raised rib, a, cast upon the upper side of the bottom of the stock by two screws, d (I, passing through slots 0 e in the base-plate, whereby it maybe adjusted horizontally in relation to the throat, its pivot joining with the scat-plate, as formed by arms 6 ff, the ends of which fit into recessesg'g, preferably at the opposite edges of the seatplate and against ears h h on its under side, through which and the ends of the arms the pivot-pin 13 passes, so as to bring the pivot-joined end of the seat-plate in close proximity to the rear edge of the throat. The rear end of the baseplate is curved or inclined upward and terminates in arms b, so as to form a slot,j, in longitudinal central position with the stock. The 7 seat-plate is formed with a boss or projection, is, on its under side, in the middle of its width and near its upper rear end, into which a screwstern,l,is screwed tight, having a length sufficient to extend down through the slotjof the base-plate. Milled thumb-nutsm m are placed upon the screw-stem above and below the rear arms of the base-plate, and as the latter has a fixed relation to the stock the seat-plate can he turned upon its pivot-pin, so as to increase or diminishits angle or pitch by turning the thumb-nuts to the right orto the left, in which action one-of said nuts will form ajam or look nut against the arms of the base-plate, and thus form a positive and secure lock to the knife-carriage when set. The slotted end of the base-plate for this purpose stands high enough above the bottom of the stock to allow of easily manipulating the lower thumb-nut. This construction not only gives a very fine 5 adjustment to the seat-plate, but affords the means by which itis secured against any aocidental displacement from its adjustment. In

making the adjustment the nuts are turned separately by the thumb of one hand, so that one nut follows the other up or down upon the screw-stem above and below the arms of the base-plate. The base-plate, the seat-plate, and the adjusting screw-stein and nuts constitute a device complete for attachment to the bottom of the stock, and for this purpose the seat-plate has holes through which to insert a screw-driver to secure the base-plate to the stock.

The knife or bit n may be used either single or double, and is secured upon the seat-plate by a headed screw, 1', tapped into said plate, its head passing through a slot in the knifeblade and through a locking-eye in the usual separate cap or clamp, which is provided with a fastening-screw or cam-lever, 8, operating upon a spring riveted to the under side of the cap in the usual manner. In adjusting the bit or knife for aheavy or light out by turning the thumb-nuts, the pitch or angle of the knife turning on its pivot-pin opens or closes the throat in proportion to the thickness of the cut, and one adjustment of the bit effects these two things. To give a freer passage for the shaving without moving the base-plate, set the knife for a coarse cut, and then, placing the plane on a flat surface, unclamp the cap, which allows the knife to slide up so as to bring its cutting-edge in position in the throat for a fine shaving.

If it is desired to work with the knife at a high pitch or angle and still have a narrow throat, the base-plate is set forward by removing the knife and unclamping the fastening-screws of the base-plate, and thus the plane is set for cross-grain work. The rib cof the stockis wide enough to give a good bearing for the base-plate and hold for its securingscrews, and high enough to carry the seatplate free of the bottom of the stock.

I claim-- 1. The combination of the stock of a benchplane with a knife-carriage composed of two plates pivoted together at their front points, the upper one, a, of said plates having the rigidly-connected screw-stem Z projecting from its rear or under side, and the bottom horizontal plate,f, adjustably connected to the bottom of the plane-stock, and having an upwardlyprojecting slotted arm, I), with means, substantially as described, for adjustably connecting the said screwstem of the upper plate with the said slotted arm of the bottom plate, substantially as described.

2. The combination, in a bench-plane, of a carriage for the knife or bit, composed of the upper seat-plate, at, having the rigidly-connected screw-stem l, and a horizontal baseplate,f, adjustably secured to the bottom of the stock, and having an upward-projecting slotted arm, 1), the said plates being pivoted togetherat their front points, and the thumb jam-nuts m m, arranged upon said screw-stem and bearing upon the opposite sides of said slotted arm,substantially as described, for the purpose specified.

3. The knife-carriage of a plane-stock, composed of the seat-plate a and the base-plate b, pivoted together, the former provided with a fixed screw-stem, l, and the latter having slots 0 c, and an elevated slotted part, 11' in combination with the adjusting lock-nuts m m, the base confining screws d d, and the knife or bit a, secured to said seat-plate, substantially as described, for the purpose specified.

4. In combination in a bench-plane, the stock, having the bottom rib, c, a knife-carriageoftwo pivot-joined parts, one, a, provided with a fixed screw-stem, Z, and the other having an upward-projecting slotted part, bj, to receive said screw-stem, the thumb lock-nuts m m, the screws d d, and the knife or bit 11, all constructed substantially as herein setforth.

5. The combination, with the stock and the knife or bit, of a carriage forthe knife, composed of two pivot-joined parts, and means, substantially as described, whereby the upper of the pivot-joined parts is adapted for adjustment upon the lower part in the arc of a circle, and the latter is adapted for adjustment horizontally with the upper part upon the stock, substantially as described, for the purpose specified.

6. The knitecarriagc for a bench-plane, consisting of the base-plate b, having the front arms,ff, the slots 6 e, and the rear upwardlyprojecting slotted part, bj, the seat-plate 0, having the front edge recesses, yg, and the ears h h, and the fixed screw-stem l, projecting downward from its rear end, the pivot-pin joining the arms ff and ears h 71, and the adjusting thumb lock-nuts m m, arranged upon the screw-stem above and below said slotted base partj, all constituting a complete device for carrying, adjusting, and securing the knife to the stock, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I haveherennto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

LEVI (JULVER STRONG.

Witnesses A. E. H. JOHNSON, J. W. HAMILTON J OHNSON. 

